Means for conserving heat.



A. T. KASLEY.

MEANS FOR GONSERVING EEAT.

APPLICATION-FILED JULY '1, 1910.

1,025,274. 4 Patented May 7,1912.

V/ITNESSES: JNVENTOR.

HIS ATTORNEY IN FACT.

' To all whom z't cohctlm:

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Be it known that ALEXANDERT. KAS- nm, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Swissvale, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have made a new and-useful Invention in Means I ,for Conserving Heat, of which the followmg is a specification.

This nventlon relates to internal com-- bustion engines, andhas'for an ob ect to produce means for preventingthe forma- 't1on of scale or the deposition of sediment in the cooling passages of such engines.

Av turther object is to produce means whereby the thermal energy transmitted to the'cooling water of the cylinders of an internal combustion engine is employed in generating steam at a pressure-capable of being effectively utilized.

"cooling the cylinders of an internal com- A further object istoproduce means for bustion engine such that the temperature of the cylinder will be more uniform throughout all its parts.

These and other objects I attain in an ."'apparatus embodying the features herein described and illustrated.

In -the drawings accompanying this ap- Y: plication and forming a part thereof, I have illustrated diagrammatically an arrangement. of apparatus which embodies my in- .yention.

' ,One of thepurposes ofmy invention is to employ a portion of the thermal energy transmitted to the cooling water of the enrgine cylinders, in the generation of steam at a pressure capable of operating a low pressure condensing engine or turbine. It is well known that engines and turbines may be effectively and eiliciently operated with steam of less than atmospheric pres sure by employing a condenser with the engine or turbine. In the apparatus illus-. trated as-an embodiment. of mylnvention,

I have shown means for generating low pressure steam, and at the same time maintaining the engine cylinders at a safe working temperature. The cylinder 3 of an internal combustion engine is shown in section and is provided with a cooling jacket 5 towhich water'is admitted through piping 6 and from which water is delivered through piping 7. The piping 6 and 7 communicate with a chamber or tank 8 which may be Specification or mamas; application ma July 7, 1910. Serial No. 570,795.

w e ertermed a boiler or steam chamber and whioh is provided with a .jsteam' delivery ort and communicating piping- 9' adap to deliver steam to a low pressure engine orturbin'e, or to. any otherappa'ratus utiliz ing low pressure steam.

1 The tank 8 is preferably. located 1 above the-engine cylinder and a; circulating pump 11- is located inthe piping (Land is so arranged t-hat it causesacirculation of water from the tank 8 through the iping 61:0 the jacket 5 and from the jac et back to the tank through the piping;7. [The pump 11 may be driven by any suitable means, as for-example, from a shaft 12 opera-ted by'. the engine shaft: through they agency of a gear 13 and which drives the pump by means of a belt 14. l

By employing the pump 11 and causin a continuous circulationof water. lthroug' the jacket 5 or the other cooling passages of the engine, the "water .is prevented v irom forming a scale or depositing. ,sediment,in thejacket or cooling passages. Themajor portion of the impurities or sediment in.

the water will be depositediii the tank ,3 in the form of scale or'sedimentfandwill produce no injurious effects. Moreoveniit may be removed from the tank without difficulty.

It will be apparent that thepumplll need not be employed if the passages or piping 6 and 7 are of-sufiicient area to permit an adequate circulation of the water through the circulating system. Whenthe, pump is not employed, the circulation will depend wholly upon convection currents set up by the heat of, the gas engine cylinder.

A. crating steam from heat imparted to the jacket or. cooling water of the enginecylin de'rs is the formation ofsteam focketis in the jacket or cooling passages. T em. .ockets are spaoesin which the steam disp aces the water and the result is an overheating "of a; portion of the engine cylinder. Such steam pockets'often cause portions of the cylinder to become red'hot and are consequently very injurious. These difficulties are avoided by my invention by keeping the water-pressure in the jacket above the pressurest which steam will form at the existing temperatures. I accomplish this by locating the tank 8 at such a height above the engine ditficult'y ordinarily enccunteredin g'eniIOQ cylinder 3 that I am able to "maintain a. water column above the engine cylinder preferably sufiicientto keep the water pressure in the jacket at. or above atmospl ic pressure, and I also proportion thefioiiot "water through the jacket so that the temperature of the water will be maintained considerably below the boiling point of Water at the pressure existing in the jacket. I preferably arrange the apparatus so that the u'a ter is delivered vfrom the jacket 5 to the piping 7 at approximately 160 F. and at apressure, as before stated at or about 1%.? lbs. absolute. Under sucl1"contlitions, there will be no tendency to generate steam in the cooling-passages of the engine. As the water rises in the piping 7 the-pres"- sure, due to the gravity head or column of water, liminishes and'at some pointalong is reduced in temperature some amount, for.

example about 7 F. The water at this reduced temperature is returned to the jacket 5 througl'i the piping by the circulating pump 11 and again heated in the jacket to about 16091 and this cycle is repeated indefinitely. With this arrangement, the cylinders are maintained at a safe Working temperature and all parts of the cylinders are subjected to an approximately uniform temperature. With cooling apparatus ordinarily employed, the cvlinder adjacent to the intake of the cooling water is apt to he very cold, while at a point immediately adjacent it is quite Warm or war; hot. Such variations in temperature create objectionable strains in the castings and often cause them to crack. lVith my invention, the only differences in temperature encountered. are those due to the evolution of steam, as described, and the small temperature losses which may arise throughout; the circulating system. These losses may, however, be avoided to a. great extent by proper heat insulation.

- 1 It immaterial whether the water enters the jacket 5 through the piping 6 or through the piping T, and either arrangement may be employed by varying the ope -ation of the pumpll; lleed water may be introduced at any convenient point in the circulating system, as for example, through a pipe 1.5 which communicates with the piping 6.

While. l'. have illustrated an apparatus in which the tank 8 is located above lithe cooling passages or jacket. 5 of the engine cylinders, I may so arrangc and proportion apparatus embodyingmy invention that a tank 8 may be located cu a level with or even below the coolihg passages to which water is supplied. When such an ar "angement is utilized, a circulating pump 11 will be employed in the piping G as illustrated, and the piping 7 will be reduced in dianniter to such an extent that the necessary drop in pressure between the tank 8 and the cooling passages or jacket, 5 is obtained.

Having now described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In combination with a cooling passage of an internal combustion engine, a circulating system for Water communicating with saidpassage, and a tank located in said sys- "em and subjected to vacuum pressure and provided with a steam delivery port.

In combination with a cooling passage of an internal combustion engine, a circulating s .-'stcm for water communicating with said passage and subjected at one portion to less than atmospheric pressure, and at said passage to a gravity head corresponding approximately to atmospheric pressure.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 5th day of July, 1910.

ALEXANDER T. KASLEY.

lVitncsses (l. \V. llcthnni,

W. McCALmsTnn. 

